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Unconventional oil and gas extraction (UOG) wastewater can be generated in large quantities and contain constituents that are potentially harmful to human health and the environment. Wastewater from UOG wells often contains high concentrations of salt content, also called total dissolved solids or TDS. The wastewater can also contain various organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, metals, and naturally occurring radioactive materials (also referred to as technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material or TENORM). This potentially harmful wastewater creates a need for appropriate wastewater management infrastructure and practices. On April 7, 2015 the EPA proposed technology-based pretreatment standards under the Clean Water Act for discharges of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works (POTWs)from existing and new unconventional oil and natural gas extraction facilities. The proposed rule would better protect public health, the environment, and the operational integrity of POTWs by establishing pretreatment standards that would prevent the discharge of pollutants in wastewater from onshore UOG extraction facilities to POTWs. This proposed rule would fill a gap in existing federal wastewater regulations to ensure that the current practice of not sending wastewater discharges from this sector to POTWs continues into the future.