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In 1996, the Clean Water Act was amended to create section 312(n), "Uniform National Discharge Standards (UNDS) for Vessels of the Armed Forces." Section 312(n) directs EPA and DoD to establish national discharge standards for discharges incidental to the normal operation of a vessel of the Armed Forces. These national standards will preempt State discharge standards for these vessels. EPA and DoD jointly promulgated Phase I of these regulations, 40 CFR part 1700, on May 10, 1999 (64 FR 25126). Phase I concluded that 25 out of 39 discharges from Armed Forces vessels would require EPA and DoD to jointly establish performance standards by regulation (Phase II) for which it is "reasonable and practicable" to require a "marine pollution control device." Some of these discharges have the potential to introduce oil or other organics into receiving waters (such as bilge water); some have the potential to introduce copper or other metals (such as hull coating leachate); and some have the potential to introduce aquatic nuisance species (such as ballast water). Phase II is currently underway and will establish performance standards to control the 25 discharges in three separate rulemakings. EPA and DoD, in consultation with the U.S. Coast Guard, are working together to develop the performance standards for the discharges. The Phase II -Batch One proposed rule was published on February 3, 2014, (Federal Register, 79 FR 6117) and addressed the following 11 discharges: aqueous film forming foam, chain locker effluent, distillation and reverse osmosis brine, elevator pit effluent, gas turbine water wash, non-oily machinery wastewater, photographic laboratory drains, seawater cooling overboard discharge, seawater piping biofouling prevention, small boat engine wet exhaust, and well deck discharges. EPA and DoD are currently working on the Final Rule for Phase II- Batch One. The remaining 14 discharges will be addressed in subsequent rulemakings.