This action amends APHIS' animal disease traceability regulations, currently codified at 9 CFR part 86. The primary change requires that APHIS will only recognize identification devices (e.g., ear tags) as official identification for cattle and bison covered by the regulations if the devices have both visual and electronic readability (EID). Other changes clarify language and requirements in several sections of part 86. These changes will enhance the U.S. traceability system to better achieve goals of rapidly tracing diseased and exposed animals and containing outbreaks. APHIS' Animal Disease Traceability program has a long-standing relationship with Tribal nations to ensure the program incorporates Tribal feedback. APHIS provided webinars to Tribal nations in 2021 and 2022 to notify Tribes of this rulemaking and solicit requests for consultation. APHIS subsequently was in contact with an alliance of Western Tribes to apprise them of the status of the proposed rule.