In 2015, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of the Army ("the agencies") published the "Clean Water Rule: Definition of 'Waters of the United States' (80 FR 37054, June 29, 2015)." On February 28, 2017, the President issued an Executive order titled "Restoring the Rule of Law, Federalism, and Economic Growth by Reviewing the 'Waters of the United States' Rule" which instructed the agencies to review the 2015 rule and rescind or replace it as appropriate and consistent with law. The agencies are publishing this proposed rule as a second step in a comprehensive, two-step process to revise the definition of "waters of the United States" consistent with the Executive order signed on February 28, 2017. This follows the first step to recodify the preexisting definition of "waters of the United States." In this second step, the agencies are conducting a substantive re-evaluation and revision of the definition of "waters of the United States" in accordance with the Executive order.