The Supreme Court decided on 31 May 2016 that U.S. Army Corps of Engineers approved jurisdictional determinations (AJDs; as defined in 33 CFR 331.2) are final agency actions. The decision had the immediate implications of making all AJDs able to be challenged in court without going through the permit process or the administrative appeal process. This rulemaking will require that a party must exhaust administrative appeal remedies prior to filing a legal action in the Federal courts on an AJD, which will be consistent with the process for other Corps final decisions, permit denials and proffered permits.