The final regulation modifies 42 CFR 1003 and 1005 by addressing three issues.  First, the 21st Century Cures Act (Cures Act) provision that authorizes the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to impose civil monetary penalties, assessments, and exclusions upon individuals and entities that engage in fraud and other misconduct related to HHS grants, contracts, and other agreements.  Second, the Cures Act information blocking provisions that authorize OIG to investigate claims of information blocking and provide HHS the authority to impose CMPs for information blocking.  Third, the increase in penalty amounts in the Civil Monetary Penalty Law effected by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018.