Many miners are exposed to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) in respirable dust. These miners can develop lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and various forms of pneumoconiosis, such as silicosis, progressive massive fibrosis, and rapidly progressive pneumoconiosis. These diseases are irreversible and may ultimately be fatal. The Mine Safety and Health Administration’s (MSHA) existing standards limit miners’ exposures to RCS. MSHA published a final rule to address the existing permissible exposure limit of RCS for all miners and to update the existing respiratory protection standards under 30 CFR 56, 57, and 72. Throughout the rulemaking process, MSHA widely solicited stakeholder participation by holding virtual and in-person public hearings throughout the country and participating in a Small Business Labor Safety Roundtable discussion organized by the Small Business Administration’s Office of Advocacy.