The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), are issuing this temporary final rule to prevent the hoarding of certain health and medical resources, or any of their essential components, needed to respond to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and which are, or are likely to be, in short supply (scarce materials) or the supply of which would be threatened by excessive accumulation (threatened materials). These scarce materials or threatened materials were designated by the Secretary of HHS (Secretary) and identified by public notice. The first such notice of the designation of scarce materials and threatened materials was posted on the HHS website on March 25, 2020, and may be updated periodically, as appropriate. This rule implements the authority delegated to the Secretary in Executive Order 13910 and the authority delegated to the Secretary of Homeland Security in Executive Order 13911 to implement section 102 of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (the Act), as amended, and the authorities to implement the Act.