Section 57b(2) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (AEA) (42 U.S.C. 2077), as amended, prohibits the export of nuclear technology unless authorized by the Secretary of Energy. Part 810 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) implements section 57b(2) of the AEA and sets forth the procedures by which DOE issues authorizations (both general and specific) for the export of nuclear technology. DOE proposes to amend part 810, which enables peaceful nuclear trade by controlling export of unclassified nuclear technology and assistance and helping to ensure that nuclear technologies exported from the United States will not be used for purposes "inimical to the interest of the United States." Part 810 details the authorization process and specifies reporting requirements. This final rule would implement a statutory amendment from the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, and provide procedures for the imposition of civil penalties for violations of section 57b(2) of the AEA and part 810 (i.e., the export of nuclear technology without authorization from the Secretary).