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<REGINFO_RIN_DATA xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" RUN_DATE="2026-09-22-04:00" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://www.reginfo.gov/public/xml/REGINFO_XML_Ver10262011.xsd">
    <RIN_INFO>
        <RIN>2060-AD03</RIN>
        <PUBLICATION>
            <PUBLICATION_ID>199710</PUBLICATION_ID>
            <PUBLICATION_TITLE>The Regulatory Plan and the Unified Agenda of Federal Regulatory and Deregulatory Actions</PUBLICATION_TITLE>
        </PUBLICATION>
        <AGENCY>
            <CODE>2060</CODE>
            <NAME>Air and Radiation</NAME>
            <ACRONYM>AR</ACRONYM>
        </AGENCY>
        <PARENT_AGENCY>
            <CODE>2000</CODE>
            <NAME>Environmental Protection Agency</NAME>
            <ACRONYM>EPA</ACRONYM>
        </PARENT_AGENCY>
        <RULE_TITLE>Integrated NESHAP and Effluent Guidelines: Pulp and Paper</RULE_TITLE>
        <ABSTRACT><![CDATA[The Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990 direct the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to set National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for new and existing sources under section 112 and to base these standards on maximum achievable control technology (MACT). The Clean Water Act (CWA) directs EPA to develop effluent guidelines for certain categories and classes of point sources. These guidelines are used for setting discharge limits for specific facilities that discharge to surface waters or municipal sewage treatment systems. For the pulp and paper industry, EPA is developing an integrated regulation that includes both effluent guidelines and air emission standards to control the release of pollutants to both the water and the air. The regulations are being developed jointly to provide greater protection to human health and the environment, to promote the concept of pollution prevention, and to enable the industry to more effectively plan compliance via a multimedia approach. ^PThis Regulatory Plan entry also includes RIN 2040-AB53, Effluent Guidelines and Standards for the Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Category, reported in full in part III of this issue of the Federal Register.]]></ABSTRACT>
        <PRIORITY_CATEGORY>Economically Significant</PRIORITY_CATEGORY>
        <RIN_STATUS>Previously Published in The Unified Agenda</RIN_STATUS>
        <RULE_STAGE>Proposed Rule Stage</RULE_STAGE>
        <MAJOR>Yes</MAJOR>
        <UNFUNDED_MANDATE_LIST>
            <UNFUNDED_MANDATE>No</UNFUNDED_MANDATE>
        </UNFUNDED_MANDATE_LIST>
        <CFR_LIST>
            <CFR>40 CFR 63</CFR>
            <CFR>40 CFR 430</CFR>
        </CFR_LIST>
        <LEGAL_AUTHORITY_LIST>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>42 USC 7412</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>42 USC 7414</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>42 USC 7601</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 sec 112</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 sec 114</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 sec 301</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>33 USC 1314</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>33 USC 1316</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>33 USC 1317</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>33 USC 1318</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>33 USC 1361</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>Clean Water Act sec 301</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>Clean Water Act sec 304</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>Clean Water Act sec 306 to 308</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
            <LEGAL_AUTHORITY>Clean Water Act sec 501</LEGAL_AUTHORITY>
        </LEGAL_AUTHORITY_LIST>
        <LEGAL_DLINE_LIST>
            <LEGAL_DLINE_INFO>
                <DLINE_TYPE>Statutory</DLINE_TYPE>
                <DLINE_ACTION_STAGE>Final</DLINE_ACTION_STAGE>
                <DLINE_DATE>11/15/1997</DLINE_DATE>
                <DLINE_DESC>  </DLINE_DESC>
            </LEGAL_DLINE_INFO>
        </LEGAL_DLINE_LIST>
        <RPLAN_ENTRY>Yes</RPLAN_ENTRY>
        <RPLAN_INFO>
            <STMT_OF_NEED><![CDATA[This action will limit surface water discharges of toxic, conventional, and nonconventional pollutants and emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from pulp and paper mills. The NESHAP will limit the release of HAPs such as chloroform, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and methanol. The effluent guidelines will limit the discharge of dioxin, furan, and other toxic and conventional pollutants to rivers and other surface waters. The Statutory authorities and deadlines are cited above. Additionally, EPA is required to promulgate these effluent guidelines to satisfy a provision in a Consent Decree entered in settlement of Environmental Defense Fund and National Wildlife Federation v. Thomas, Civ. No. 85-0973 (D.D.C.).]]></STMT_OF_NEED>
            <ALTERNATIVES><![CDATA[Both the CAA and the CWA specify that these regulations be established on a technology basis. The CAA specifies that MACT for existing sources can be no less stringent than the average emission limitations achieved by the best-performing similar source. The CWA specifies that effluent limitations guidelines and standards be based on specific technology levels, such as the best available technology economically achievable. For the integration of air and water standards, EPA developed regulatory alternatives from combinations of process changes and pollution control technologies. The Agency considered the combined costs and impacts of these alternatives while remaining responsive to the statutory requirements under both laws.]]></ALTERNATIVES>
            <COSTS_AND_BENEFITS><![CDATA[The proposed integrated air and water rules comprise effluent guidelines for all pulp and paper mills and MACT standards for the noncombustion sources at all Kraft, soda, sulfite, and semi-chemical pulp and paper mills. The Agency plans to propose MACT standards for the chemical recovery combustion sources at these mills at the same time the Agency promulgates the integrated air and water rules. For the rulemaking components that have been proposed, the Agency estimated total annualized costs of $600 million (1992 dollars). ^PThe types of benefits associated with the proposed integrated rule include improvements to air and water quality and reduced human health risks. The estimated reductions in HAP emissions exceed 120,000 tons per year. An estimated reduction in volatile organic compound emissions of 700,000 tons per year and a reduction in total reduced sulfur emissions of 300,000 tons per year are also projected to occur as a result of the proposed integrated rule. Projected reductions in specific toxic pollutant effluent discharges are approximately 2,800 tons per year; conventional pollutant reductions of over 200,000 tons per year are projected. Some categories of the benefits can be expressed in monetary terms; they are in the range of $160 million to $980 million. ^PThe Agency has received extensive public comments and new data since proposal and is in the process of revising these cost and pollutant reduction estimates.]]></COSTS_AND_BENEFITS>
            <RISKS><![CDATA[Two types of pollutants found in pulp and paper wastestreams, dioxin and furan, are of particular concern due to their carcinogenic risk and their toxicity to aquatic life. Reducing the discharge and emission of these and other toxic pollutants reduces the exposure risks to human health and the environment.]]></RISKS>
        </RPLAN_INFO>
        <TIMETABLE_LIST>
            <TIMETABLE>
                <TTBL_ACTION>NPRM NESHAP Phase III - Nonchemical and Other Mills</TTBL_ACTION>
                <TTBL_DATE>03/08/1996</TTBL_DATE>
                <FR_CITATION>61 FR 9383</FR_CITATION>
            </TIMETABLE>
            <TIMETABLE>
                <TTBL_ACTION>NPRM NESHAP Phase II - Combustion Sources</TTBL_ACTION>
                <TTBL_DATE>10/00/1997</TTBL_DATE>
            </TIMETABLE>
            <TIMETABLE>
                <TTBL_ACTION>Final NESHAP Phases I and III and Effluent Guidelines Phase I</TTBL_ACTION>
                <TTBL_DATE>10/00/1997</TTBL_DATE>
            </TIMETABLE>
            <TIMETABLE>
                <TTBL_ACTION>Final All NESHAP Phases</TTBL_ACTION>
                <TTBL_DATE>09/00/1998</TTBL_DATE>
            </TIMETABLE>
            <TIMETABLE>
                <TTBL_ACTION>Final NESHAP Phase II - Combustion Sources</TTBL_ACTION>
                <TTBL_DATE>09/00/1998</TTBL_DATE>
            </TIMETABLE>
            <TIMETABLE>
                <TTBL_ACTION>Final Effluent Guidelines Phase III - Dissolving Grade</TTBL_ACTION>
                <TTBL_DATE>03/00/1999</TTBL_DATE>
            </TIMETABLE>
        </TIMETABLE_LIST>
        <ADDITIONAL_INFO>SAN No. 3105 (Air) and SAN No. 2712 (Water). ^PADDITIONAL AGENCY CONTACT: Jeff Teleander (Combustion Sources) ^PADDITIONAL AGENCY CONTACT: Elain Manning (Nonchemical and other Pulp and Paper Mills) ^PSAN No. 2712 (Water) was formerly listed under RIN 2040-AB53.</ADDITIONAL_INFO>
        <RFA_REQUIRED>Yes</RFA_REQUIRED>
        <SMALL_ENTITY_LIST>
            <SMALL_ENTITY>Businesses</SMALL_ENTITY>
        </SMALL_ENTITY_LIST>
        <GOVT_LEVEL_LIST>
            <GOVT_LEVEL>Federal</GOVT_LEVEL>
            <GOVT_LEVEL>Local</GOVT_LEVEL>
            <GOVT_LEVEL>State</GOVT_LEVEL>
        </GOVT_LEVEL_LIST>
        <PRINT_PAPER>NA</PRINT_PAPER>
        <INTERNATIONAL_INTEREST>Not Collected</INTERNATIONAL_INTEREST>
        <AGENCY_CONTACT_LIST>
            <CONTACT>
                <FIRST_NAME>Brenda</FIRST_NAME>
                <LAST_NAME>Shine</LAST_NAME>
                <AGENCY>
                    <CODE>2060</CODE>
                    <NAME>Office of Air and Radiation</NAME>
                    <ACRONYM>OAR</ACRONYM>
                </AGENCY>
                <PHONE>919 541-3608</PHONE>
                <FAX>919 541-0516</FAX>
                <EMAIL>shine.brenda@epa.gov</EMAIL>
                <MAILING_ADDRESS>
                    <STREET_ADDRESS>109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Mail Code E143-01,</STREET_ADDRESS>
                    <CITY>Research Triangle Park</CITY>
                    <STATE>NC</STATE>
                    <ZIP>27711</ZIP>
                </MAILING_ADDRESS>
            </CONTACT>
            <CONTACT>
                <FIRST_NAME>Donald</FIRST_NAME>
                <LAST_NAME>Anderson</LAST_NAME>
                <MIDDLE_NAME>F.</MIDDLE_NAME>
                <AGENCY>
                    <CODE>2060</CODE>
                    <NAME>Office of Air and Radiation</NAME>
                    <ACRONYM>OAR</ACRONYM>
                </AGENCY>
                <PHONE>202 260-7189</PHONE>
                <EMAIL>anderson.donaldf@epamail.epa.gov</EMAIL>
                <MAILING_ADDRESS>
                    <STREET_ADDRESS>4303T,</STREET_ADDRESS>
                    <CITY>Washington</CITY>
                    <STATE>DC</STATE>
                    <ZIP>20460</ZIP>
                </MAILING_ADDRESS>
            </CONTACT>
        </AGENCY_CONTACT_LIST>
        <REINVENT_GOVT>No</REINVENT_GOVT>
    </RIN_INFO>
</REGINFO_RIN_DATA>
