This interim final rule would establish an alternative, stream-lined, web-based aircraft registration system for certain small unmanned aircraft systems, to help facilitate compliance with existing statutory obligations for aircraft registration. The alternative process will help create a culture of accountability and ensure responsible use of small UAS. As evidenced by the recent reports of unsafe UAS operations, the lack of awareness of operators regarding what must be done to operate UAS safely in the NAS, and the lack of identification of UAS and their operators pose significant challenges in ensuring accountability for responsible use. Without increased awareness and knowledge of the statutory and regulatory requirements for safe operation, the risk of unsafe UAS operations will only rise. Aircraft registration, identification, and marking will assist the Department in identifying owners of UAS that are operated in an unsafe manner, so we may continue to educate these users, and when appropriate, take enforcement action. This rulemaking is based on public comment regarding the proposed aircraft registration process for small UAS in the Operation and Use of Small UAS notice of proposed rulemaking and recommendations from the UAS Registration task force.