This rulemaking would propose to update Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) regulating windshield wipers (FMVSS No. 103) and windshield defrosters (FMVSS No. 104) to enable applicability of these standards to novel-design ADS vehicles lacking manual controls. These standards assume a human driver and require manual controls, reference the location of a human driver, or specify the operation of manual controls to effectuate testing for compliance with the standards. This rulemaking would address the applicability of these standards for vehicles equipped with automated driving systems (ADS) and that lack manually operated driving controls and do not have outward-facing cameras or sensors behind the windshield. This rulemaking would maintain the level of safety performance required by the standard.