This rulemaking would revise the Federal Railroad Administration´s (FRA) alcohol and drug regulations to cover all employees of railroads, railroad contractors, and subcontractors who perform maintenance-of-way activities. The FRA alcohol and drug regulations (49 CFR 219) contain certain prohibitions on the use and possession of alcohol and drugs. The regulations also contain requirements for post-accident toxicological (PAT) testing, random testing, reasonable cause testing, reasonable suspicion testing, co-worker and voluntary referral policies, pre-employment drug testing, and reporting. Currently, the regulations only apply to covered employees (defined as employees assigned to perform covered service subject to the Hours of Service Act, 49 U.S.C. Ch. 211). In response to a statutory mandate, the final rule would expand coverage of part 219 to employees who perform maintenance-of-way (MOW) activities. This rulemaking would also make other miscellaneous updates to part 219.