The Federal Communications Commission (FCC or Commission) takes another important step to protect the Nation’s submarine cable infrastructure from threats in an evolving national  security and law enforcement landscape by undertaking the first major comprehensive review of the Commission’s submarine cable rules since 2001. Over the last two decades, there have been substantial changes in technology, consumer expectations, international submarine cable traffic patterns, and investment in and construction of submarine cable infrastructure as well as significant evolution in national security and law enforcement threat environments. The proposed rules on which Commission seeks comment in this proceeding are intended for the Commission to determine how best to improve and streamline the submarine cable rules to facilitate deployment of submarine cables while at the same time ensuring the security, resilience, and protection of this critical infrastructure.