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EPA/AR | RIN: 2060-AE29 | Publication ID: Fall 1998 |
Title: Nonroad Spark-Ignition Engines At or Below 19 Kilowatts (25 Horsepower) (Phase 2) | |
Abstract: This action will establish the second phase of emissions standards for new nonroad spark-ignition engines at or below 19 kilowatts (25 horsepower), as required by section 213(a)(3) of the Clean Air Act as Amended. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) had been developing the second phase of small-engine regulations through a negotiated rulemaking, with representation by engine manufacturers, equipment manufacturers, emissions control manufacturers, equipment dealers, environment and public health interests, and State air programs. The negotiations came to an end on February 16, 1996 with no consensus reached. EPA will now develop the rulemaking through other means. ^PThe affected engines are used in lawn, garden, and utility equipment, such as lawnmowers, string trimmers, chain saws, and small pumps and generators. The first phase was established July 3, 1995 (60 FR 34582), effective for the 1997 model year, and was very similar to the tier 1 small-engine regulations developed by California for the same engines. Regulated pollutants are hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen. | |
Agency: Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) | Priority: Other Significant |
RIN Status: Previously published in the Unified Agenda | Agenda Stage of Rulemaking: Final Rule Stage |
Major: Yes | Unfunded Mandates: No |
CFR Citation: 40 CFR 90 | |
Legal Authority: 42 USC 7547 Clean Air Act sec 213 |
Statement of Need: Nonroad engines contribute significantly to total ozone precursor and CO emissions in areas that have failed to attain the National ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for ozone and CO. Requirements for emissions reductions will help many areas achieve the NAAQS. The second phase will include additional controls not achievable in the time frame of the first phase, which are necessary for continued attainment of NAAQS. |
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Summary of the Legal Basis: Clean Air Act section 213 |
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Alternatives: Regulation of this category of engines was split into two phases on the recommendation of the regulated industry, in order to obtain some early reductions quickly while providing sufficient lead-time to develop and implement an appropriate second phase. The regulatory negotiation committee was convened for the second phase to ensure that all possible options for achieving appropriate emissions reductions from this sector were considered. |
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Anticipated Costs and Benefits: The regulatory negotiation committee is developing the rule, including setting of emissions standards levels, based on a cost/benefit analysis that considers cost per ton of emissions reduced as well as cost per engine. Until that process is complete, the specific costs and benefits are unknown. The benefits of phase 1 were a 32 percent reduction in hydrocarbons and a 7 percent reduction in carbon monoxide from these engines, at a cost of $266 per ton of hydrocarbons reduced. |
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Risks: Over 89 million small engines contribute to unhealthy ozone and carbon monoxide levels in nearly 100 cities across the country. An estimated 6.8 million tons of air pollution are generated from lawn and garden equipment each year. Carbon monoxide is an odorless, colorless poisonous gas. Hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, which is a noxious pollutant that impairs lung functioning and is a key ingredient in smog. |
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Timetable:
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Additional Information: SAN No. 3361 | |
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis Required: No | Government Levels Affected: Federal |
Small Entities Affected: Businesses | |
Included in the Regulatory Plan: Yes | |
Agency Contact: Betsy McCabe Environmental Protection Agency Air and Radiation NFEVL, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 Phone:734 241-4344 |