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Under the Medicare Shared Savings Program, providers of services and suppliers that participate in an ACO continue to receive traditional Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) payments under parts A and B, but the ACO may be eligible to receive a shared savings payment if it meets specified quality and savings requirements. This rule addresses changes to the Shared Savings Program that modify the program's benchmark rebasing methodology to encourage ACOs' continued investment in care coordination and quality improvement, and identifies publicly available data to support modeling and analysis of these changes. In addition, it streamlines the methodology used to adjust an ACO's historical benchmark for changes in its ACO participant composition, offers an alternative participation option to encourage ACOs to enter performance-based risk arrangements earlier in their participation under the program, and establishes policies for reopening of payment determinations to make corrections after financial calculations have been performed and ACO shared savings and shared losses for a performance year have been determined.