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On February 1, 2013, the EPA issued final amendments to the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Area Sources: Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers (40 CFR part 63, subpart JJJJJJ). The EPA received three petitions for reconsideration of the final amendments and on January 21, 2015, the EPA announced reconsideration of and requested public comment on five issues identified in the petitions for reconsideration of the final NESHAP for Area Sources. On September 14, 2016, the EPA issued a Federal Register notice announcing final decisions on the five specific issues for which reconsideration was granted. The EPA retained the subcategory and separate requirements for limited-use boilers, consistent with the February 2013 final rule. The EPA made minor changes to the proposed definitions of startup and shutdown based on comments received. The EPA amended three provisions consistent with the alternatives for which comment was solicited in the January 2015 proposal as follows: (1) an alternative PM standard for new oil-fired boilers that combust ultra-low sulfur liquid fuel in place of the alternative PM standard for new oil-fired boilers that combust low-sulfur oil; (2) a provision that requires further performance testing for PM every 5 years for certain boilers based on their initial compliance test in place of the provision eliminating further performance testing for such boilers; and (3) a provision that requires further fuel sampling for mercury every 12 months for certain coal-fired boilers based on their initial compliance demonstration in place of the provision eliminating further fuel sampling for mercury for such boiler. The final action also included a limited number of technical corrections and clarifications on the rule.