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On January 31, 2013, the EPA promulgated amendments to the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Major Source: Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers and Process Heaters. Environmental groups and industry filed for judicial review of the amended final rule. The court issued its decision on July 29, 2016, which vacated the maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards for all subcategories that would have been affected had the EPA considered all sources included in the subcategories and remanded to the EPA to adequately explain how carbon monoxide acts as a reasonable surrogate for organic hazardous air pollutants. On September 12, 2016, the EPA petitioned the court asking that the MACT standards be remanded without vacatur. On December 23, 2016, the court granted the EPA's request and remanded without vacating the MACT standards. In November 2015, the EPA finalized its decision on issues for which it granted reconsideration. Environmental groups filed for judicial review on the reconsideration issues. The court issued their decision on March 16, 2018, which remanded for further explanation the revised 130 parts per million carbon monoxide emission limits. This proposal would address the issues that were remanded in the two court decisions and give an opportunity for public comment on the EPA's responses.