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National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) intends to implement binding resolutions under the Tuna Conventions Act and the Marine Mammal Protection Act to implement recently adopted Resolutions C-19-01 (Fish Aggregating Devices), C-19-05 (Silky Shark), and C-18-07 (Emergency Action Plan for Observers) of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) and A-18-03 of the Agreement on the International Dolphin Conservation Program (AIDCP). This rulemaking action proposes to implement three elements in the Resolutions and is expected to make relatively minor revisions to existing regulations. First, the proposed rule would revise the FAD data collection requirements to relieve some of the reporting burden for captains of purse seine vessels. Second, the proposed rule would implement restrictions on retention of silky shark on longline vessels and increase flexibility for accidental retention on purse seine vessels. Third, the proposed rule would implement provisions of Resolutions C-18-07 and A-18-03 to strengthen protections for observers in longline and transshipment observer programs required by the IATTC and on purse seine vessels required by the AIDCP. The observer safety resolutions detail responsibilities for vessel owners and operators, responsibilities for IATTC and AIDCP members to which fishing vessels are flagged, responsibilities for members that have jurisdiction over ports, and responsibilities for observer providers. Most of the safety requirements in these resolutions are already required by the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG). This proposed rule is intended to fill the gaps between the existing USCG regulations and these resolutions. The new domestic implementing regulations in the proposed rule would apply to United States purse seine, longline, and transshipment vessels authorized to fish in the eastern Pacific Ocean, and impose relatively minor burdens.