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In response to recommendations by the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council), this rulemaking action proposes to implement annual catch limits (ACLs), annual catch targets (ACTs), and accountability measures (AMs) for Kona crab in Hawaii for 2020-2023. As one proposed AM, NMFS would close the fishery in Federal waters for the remainder of the year if NMFS projects catch will reach the ACT before the end of the fishing year. As a second proposed AM, NMFS would reduce the ACL and ACT in the subsequent fishing year by the amount of the overage if NMFS and the Council determine that the average catch from the most recent three-year period exceeds the ACL. In the event that the average catch exceeds the ACT, but is below the ACL, NMFS would not apply a post-season correction. This proposed rule intended to prevent overfishing and provide for continued sustainable harvest of Hawaii Kona crab.