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This rulemaking would propose changes to NHTSA regulatory text to align with changes proposed by EPA in test procedures used for heavy-duty engines and vehicles to demonstrate compliance with fuel consumption and emission standards. EPA published its related proposal Improvements for Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Test Procedures, and Other Technical Amendments on May 12, 2020 (RIN 2060-AU62). The changes improve accuracy and reduce testing burden. The rulemaking would also propose other amendments that would add compliance flexibility, harmonize with other requirements, add clarity, correct various errors, and streamline the regulations. Given the nature of the proposed changes, they would not have significant energy, environmental, nor economic impacts. The proposed changes would be consistent with requirements in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA), title 1, subtitle A, sections 102 and 108, as they amend 49 USC section 32902, and the Clean Air Act.