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On October 19, 2005, FDA issued a proposed rule, entitled Cheeses and Related Cheese Products; Proposal to Permit the Use of Ultrafiltered Milk (70 FR 60751). The final rule will amend our regulations to provide for the use of fluid ultrafiltered milk, fluid ultrafiltered nonfat milk, fluid microfiltered milk, and fluid microfiltered nonfat milk in the manufacture of standardized cheeses and related cheese products. The final rule also provides an exemption for standardized cheeses and related cheese products and foods containing them from labeling fluid ultrafiltered milk, fluid ultrafiltered nonfat milk, fluid microfiltered milk, and fluid microfiltered as ingredients when used along with milk or nonfat milk, in the manufacture of standardized cheeses and related cheese products. We tentatively concluded that the proposed rule will promote honesty and fair dealing in the interest of consumers and, to the extent practicable, achieve consistency with existing international standards of identity for cheese and related cheese products. We issued the proposed rule in response to two citizen petitions. In 2017, we issued an enforcement discretion guidance. We reopened the comment period on the proposed rule to obtain current views of interested parties and industry practices on a narrow set of issues and to invite comment on specific issues.