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Congress enacted the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) to ensure fair and accurate credit reporting, promote efficiency in the banking system, and protect consumer privacy. The law and its implementing regulations (Regulation V) impose legal duties on consumer reporting agencies, users of consumer reports, and furnishers of information to consumer reporting agencies. The consumer credit reporting industry has consistently been a major source of consumer complaints, and, since the FCRA’s enactment in 1970, advances in technology have led, particularly in recent years, to a rapid evolution of the consumer reporting marketplace, including the emergence of companies using business models that rely on newer technologies and novel methods to collect and sell consumer data. The CFPB is considering proposals to regulate many activities of such data brokers as covered under the FCRA and to address other issues that have arisen in the years since the FCRA’s enactment. In light of recent events and research, the CFPB is also considering whether medical debts are necessary and appropriate for consideration by creditors in underwriting decisions to protect legitimate operational, transactional, risk, consumer, and other needs, such that they should continue to be covered by a regulatory exemption allowing their consideration by creditors. The CFPB is further considering whether medical debts should be included in consumer reports provided to creditors.