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Consumers using deposit accounts sometimes engage in transactions that exceed their accounts’ balances. Sometimes the depository institution will pay that transaction, resulting in an overdraft, but in many situations the depository institution will decline to pay the transaction and charge the consumer a "non-sufficient fund” (NSF) fee. Until recently, NSF fees were a significant source of fee revenue from deposit accounts for depository institutions; lately some financial institutions have voluntarily stopped charging such fees. The CFPB released a proposed rule that preliminarily identified the assessment of NSF fees in certain circumstances as an abusive act or practice under section 1031(b) of the Consumer Financial Protection Act and would impose requirements to prevent such acts or practices.