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Section 506 of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) (Pub. L. 108-173) authorized the Secretary to establish a payment methodology, payment rates, and admissions practices for Medicare-participating hospitals that furnish inpatient services applicable when such hospitals provide medical care to an eligible American Indian/Alaskan Native beneficiary that has been authorized by an IHS, tribal or urban program (I/T/U). The MLR methodology established by 42 CFR part 136 subpart D does not apply to non-hospital services, including physician and other health professional services and non-provider-based items and services. Rather, I/T/Us reimburse for authorized services at the rates provided by contracts negotiated locally with providers or according to provider's billed charges.