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EPA/WATER RIN: 2040-AA97 Publication ID: Fall 1995 
Title: National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Groundwater Disinfection 
Abstract: In accordance with the 1986 SDWA amendments, EPA will propose that all public water systems using groundwater use disinfection treatment processes, unless they have natural disinfection or meet specified variance criteria. This rule will reduce microbial contamination risk from public water systems relying on groundwater as their drinking water source. The sources of microbial contamination are ubiquitous, and contamination can cause diarrhea, other gastrointestinal illness, hepatitis, and a variety of other illnesses. The approximately 180,000 public water systems that use groundwater not under direct influence of surface water, serving about 90 million people, will be affected by this regulation. Known treatment technologies include disinfection (through use of chlorine, chloramines, ozone, chlorine dioxide, or ultraviolet); source protection; well construction codes; and backflow prevention programs. No cost projections have yet been made. All States with primacy would be responsible for overseeing the implementation of the rule, including enforcement of monitoring, recordkeeping, reporting, public notification and treatment requirements. Local and tribal governments which own water systems are responsible for implementing the requirements of the rule. ^PIn January 1995 EPA announced that is was initiating a reassessment of the drinking water program, including the current regulatory agenda, to ensure that resources available for protecting drinking water accomplish the greatest risk reduction. The purpose of the effort is to clarify and change program priorities and realign resource allocations. By December 15, 1995, EPA and the litigants will agree on a further extension of the time needed to negotiate a revised schedule for this rule. 
Agency: Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)  Priority: Economically Significant 
RIN Status: Previously published in the Unified Agenda Agenda Stage of Rulemaking: Long-Term Actions 
CFR Citation: 40 CFR 141    40 CFR 142   
Legal Authority: 42 USC 300/SDWA 1412   
Legal Deadline:
Action Source Description Date
NPRM  Judicial  Dates contained in Consent Decree (NRDC v. Reilly).  12/15/1995 
Final  Statutory  Dates contained in Consent Decree (NRDC v. Reilly).  06/18/1989 
Final  Judicial  Dates contained in Consent Decree (NRDC v. Reilly).  08/30/1997 
Timetable:
Action Date FR Cite
NPRM  To Be Determined    
Final Action  To Be Determined    
Additional Information: SAN No. 2340. ^PRFA: Y
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis Required: Yes  Government Levels Affected: Federal, Local, State, Tribal 
Small Entities Affected: Businesses, Governmental Jurisdictions, Organizations 
Included in the Regulatory Plan: No 
Agency Contact:
Bruce Macler
Environmental Protection Agency
Water
Region IX,
San Francisco, CA 94105
Phone:415 744-1884