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Statement of Need: Industrial boilers, institutional/commercial boilers, and process heaters are source categories listed to be regulated under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act.

Summary of the Legal Basis: Section 112 of the Clean Air Act.

Alternatives: Alternatives will be presented as part of the proposed rule.

Anticipated Costs and Benefits: Implementation of the rulemaking would reduce nationwide emissions of air toxics by 58,000 tons per year in the fifth year. Mercury emissions would be reduced by almost 2 tons per year. Those reductions would lower ambient air concentrations and levels of exposure. In addition to HAP emissions reductions, reductions in criteria pollutant emissions (i.e., particulate matter, sulfur dioxide) would also be realized. The total nationwide capital costs for the rulemaking as proposed is about $1.7 billion, with an annualized cost of $840 million.

Risks: In Section 112 of the Clean Air Act, Congress found that there is sufficient evidence of risk to warrant a broad, technology-based MACT program to reduce toxic emissions nationwide. The risks from this industry are those normally associated with combustion, such as exposure to particulate matter and sulfur oxides.