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In this action EPA performed risk and technology reviews for the following three National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP): Manufacture of Amino/Phenolic Resins; Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers Production; and Polycarbonate Production. The proposal for these NESHAP was published on January 9, 2014 (79 FR 1675), and the final rule was promulgated on October 8 (79 FR 60898). Clean Air Act (CAA) sections 112(f)(2) and 112(d)(6) required EPA to conduct these reviews. Under the "technology review" provision of CAA section 112, EPA is required to review maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards and to revise them "as necessary (taking into account developments in practices, processes and control technologies)" no less frequently than every 8 years. Under the "residual risk" provision of CAA section 112, EPA must evaluate the MACT standards within 8 years after promulgation and promulgate standards if required to provide an ample margin of safety to protect public health or prevent an adverse environmental effect. EPA also removed startup, shutdown, and malfunction exemptions for these source categories, as required by recent court decisions.