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On February 7, 2013, the EPA promulgated the Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources and Emission Guidelines for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units (CISWI). The EPA granted reconsideration on a select few issues, and the final reconsideration was published on June 23, 2016. (Non-substantive technical amendments were subsequently published on March 18, 2019.) Following promulgation of the reconsidered standards and emissions guidelines, the Clean Air Act (CAA) directs states with existing CISWI subject to the emission guidelines to submit plans to the EPA that implement and enforce the emission guidelines. The emission guidelines contain model rule language that states can use for implementation. If a state with existing CISWI does not submit an approvable plan within two years, the EPA has a statutory requirement to develop, implement and enforce a federal plan for CISWI in the state. On January 11, 2017, the EPA proposed the CISWI Federal Plan, which would consist of the model rule language presented in the emission guidelines. This final rule, promulgated September 16, 2024, will address feedback received from the public during the comment period.