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This rulemaking would amend the NRC’s byproduct material regulations to establish regulatory framework requirements for fusion systems that are technology inclusive and supportive of a performance-based approach to regulation. The purpose of this proposed rulemaking is to respond to NEIMA direction to establish a regulatory framework for fusion systems by 2027. The scope of this rulemaking is to augment NRC’s byproduct material framework to address near-term fusion systems by providing appropriate fusion-related definitions, develop content of application requirements of a licensing application, and determine other appropriate requirements. The NRC engaged the public during the pre-rulemaking rule stage through meetings with stakeholders; preliminary proposed rule language; and public meetings.