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In 2012, we proposed to list the scarlet macaw under the Endangered Species Act, as amended (ESA). In 2016 we revised this proposed rule to: (1) list the northern subspecies of scarlet macaw (Ara macao cyanoptera) from Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama as an endangered species; (2) list the northern distinct population segment (DPS) of the southern subspecies of scarlet macaw (A. m. macao) from Costa Rica and Columbia, as a threatened species; (3) treat the southern DPS of A. m. macao and subspecific crosses (A. m. macao and A. m. cyanoptera) as threatened based on similarity of appearance to A. m. cyanoptera and to the northern DPS of A. m. macao; and (4) include a 4(d) rule that applies to the threatened DPS and similarity of appearance populations that would allow for the import and export of macaws that meet certain criteria and for interstate commerce without a permit under the ESA. We will take final action on these proposals.