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This final rule will address the agency's residual risk and technology review (RTR) of the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Integrated Iron and Steel Manufacturing Facilities. The Iron and Steel Manufacturing Facilities NESHAP, subpart FFFFF, was promulgated pursuant to section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) on May 20, 2003, and subsequently amended on July 13, 2006. The NESHAP established emission limitations and/or work practice requirements based on maximum achievable control technology (MACT) for controlling emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) from iron-making blast furnaces; steel-making oxygen furnaces; ancillary operations, such as ladling, hot metal transfer, skimming and desulfurization; and sinter plants. The HAP emitted from iron and steel sources include metal HAP (all sources) and volatile HAP (sinter plant only). This action implements the residual risk review requirements of CAA section 112(f)(2) and the technology review requirements of CAA section 112(d)(6). The statute directs the EPA to promulgate emission standards under CAA 112(f)(2) if such standards are required to provide an ample margin of safety to protect public health or to prevent, taking relevant factors into account, an adverse environmental effect. Any such standards are to be promulgated within 8 years after promulgation of MACT standards under CAA section 112(d). CAA section 112(d)(6) requires the EPA to review and revise the MACT standards as necessary, taking into account developments in practices, processes and control technologies, no less often than every 8 years. Pursuant to a court order (California Communities Against Toxics v. Pruitt, Case No: 1:15-cv-00512 (D.D.C.)), the EPA is obligated to complete the final action by May 5, 2020. In the proposed rule, the EPA considered possible options to address issues raised in Sierra Club's March 26, 2004, petition for administrative reconsideration, and issues included in the voluntary remand without vacatur ordered by the D.C. Circuit Court on June 10, 2010.