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Based on NMFS’s receipt of an application from the United States Air Force (USAF) for incidental take regulations and a Letter of Authorization (LOA) under the Marine Mammal Protection Act, this action proposes regulations to govern the unintentional taking of marine mammals incidental to military maritime testing and training at the Eglin Gulf Test and Training Range (EGTTR) at Eglin Air Force Base. Mission activities include air-to-surface operations that involve firing live or inert munitions, including missiles, bombs, and gun ammunition, from aircraft at targets on the water surface. The types of targets used vary by mission and primarily include stationary, remotely controlled, and towed boats, inflatable targets, and marker flares. The proposed regulations will set forth the permissible methods of taking, means of effecting the least practicable adverse impact on the affected species or stocks and their habitats, and if applicable, on their availability for taking for subsistence uses (i.e., mitigation); and requirements pertaining to the monitoring and reporting of such taking. LOAs issued under the regulations would authorize the take of marine mammals incidental to the specified activities for a seven-year period.