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This action will address the agency’s residual risk and technology review (RTR) of the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and Battery Stacks and the NESHAP for Coke Oven Batteries. Clean Air Act (CAA) section 112(d)(6) requires the EPA to review and revise standards promulgated under section 112 as necessary (taking into account developments in practices, processes and control technologies)” no less often than every 8 years. This is known as the technology review. CAA 112(f)(2) directs the EPA to review standards promulgated under section 112 to determine whether additional standards are required to provide an ample margin of safety to protect public health or to prevent an adverse environmental effect. This is known as the residual risk review. The Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and Battery Stacks NESHAP, subpart CCCCC, was promulgated pursuant to section 112(d) of the CAA on April 14, 2003. The NESHAP established emission limitations and work practice requirements based on maximum achievable control technology (MACT) for controlling emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) from pushing, quenching and battery stacks. The HAP emitted from pushing, quenching and battery stacks include coke oven emissions, as well as polycyclic organic matter and volatile organic compounds such as benzene and toluene. This action will address the residual risk review requirements of CAA section 112(f)(2) and the technology review requirements of CAA section 112(d)(6) for Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and Battery Stacks NESHAP, subpart CCCCC. The NESHAP for Coke Ovens Batteries (subpart L) was reviewed under CAA sections 112(f)(2) and 112(d)(6) previously for MACT Track” coke facilities and amendments were promulgated on April 15, 2005. This action will address the periodic 8-year technology review requirements of CAA section 112(d)(6) for Coke Ovens Batteries (subpart L) and a risk review under CAA section 112(f)(2) for coke facilities on the lowest achievable emission rate (LAER) track, as per CAA section 112 (i)(8). This action also will set MACT standards under CAA sections 112(d)(2) and (3) for nonrecovery coke ovens. Lastly, the EPA will list under CAA section 112(c) the NESHAP for Benzene Emissions from Coke By-Product Recovery Plants, currently under 40 CFR part 61, subpart L, and also set MACT standards under CAA sections 112(d)(2) and (3) for these sources. The federal district court for the Northern District of California set a deadline of May 23, 2024, for the final rule in proceedings with Plaintiffs (Citizens for Pennsylvania’s Future, Greater-Birmingham Alliance to Stop Pollution (GASP), Louisiana Bucket Brigade, and Sierra Club, acting through counsel, Earthjustice).